Could a new contrast agent for MRI be on the horizon?

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) researchers developed a new specially coated iron oxide nanoparticle that could provide an alternative to conventional gadolinium-based contrast agents used for MRI procedures. Current gadolinium agents, have in rare cases, been found to create adverse effects in patients with impaired kidney function.

Cases are rare where there are significant side effects with gadolinium agents, but this new potential agent may soon be a safer substitute. Instead of using gadolinium-based contrast agents, MIT researchers have found that they can produce an MRI contrast with tiny nanoparticles of iron oxide, treated with a zwitterion coating, which has both positive and negative electrical charges.

The study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further examines the potential harm of gadolinium-based agents, including the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, which can be fatal. The U.S. Food & Drug Administration is also currently investigating gadolinium-based agents for other potential negative effects.

“Over the last decade, more and more side effects have come to light,” said MIT research scientist Oliver Bruns in an MIT news release. “None of these issues exist for iron oxide, at least none that have yet been detected.”

The initial tests have demonstrated to be effective and the team of researchers will continue toxicology testing that will show the safety of the particles and help in bettering the characteristics of the material.

“It’s not perfect. We have more work to do,” said Bruns.

If further testing proves to be effective, the researchers are considering setting up a startup company for the new agent.