Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard imaging modality for soft tissues. It produces detail cross-sectional images of soft tissue and bone anatomy, including muscles, tendons, ligaments, brain and organs, without the use of ionizing radiation. In addition to orthopedic imaging, MRI is also used for heart, brain and breast. MRI uses gadolinium contrast in many exams to highlight tissues and blood vessels, which enhances images and offers better diagnostic quality. It can also be used in conjunction with PET scans. How does MRI work? MR creates images by using powerful magnets to polarize hydrogen atoms in water (the body is made of of more than 80% water) so they face in one direction. A radiofrequency pulse is then used to ping these atoms, causing them to wobble, or resonate. The MRI coils detect this and computers can assemble images from the signals. Basic MRI scans will focus on the resonance of fat and water in two different sequences, which highlight and contrast different features in the anatomy.

A narrow miss for AI trained to find pacemakers on X-rays for MRI safety

A convolutional neural network has achieved 99.67% accuracy at flagging the presence of pacemakers on chest radiographs in patients referred for MRI.

Alex Ding, MD, radiologist and incoming AMA Board trustee, explains the new AMA policy that calls on Ciongress to change the requirements of the CMS requirement for appropriate use criteria clinical decision support software for all advanced imaging exams, including CT and MRI. #AMA #AMAmtg #AMA175 #AUC

VIDEO: AMA will ask Congress to change mandate on appropriate use criteria clinical decision support

Alexander Ding, MD, a radiologist and incoming American Medical Association (AMA) Board of Trustees member, explains the new AMA policy calling on Congress to change the language and implementation of the current Medicare mandate that all advanced medical imaging needs certification.

Many clinicians flouting X-ray-first guidelines for ankle imaging

Established clinical guidelines hold that patients presenting with ankle issues should not receive advanced imaging ahead of standard radiography. New research shows a substantial proportion of ordering clinicians sending these patients straight to MRI anyway.

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Advanced MSK imaging trio—CT, MR, ultrasound—justified for certain trauma patients upon incident and over time

The comprehensive approach may be warranted for patients whose musculoskeletal injuries include fractures of the costal cartilage. 

Neighbor to the North facing a ‘very bleak future’ if medical imaging not modernized soon

Canada has fallen behind other industrialized nations in multiple measures of capital healthcare investment, and the most glaring gap is found in the state of its medical imaging equipment.

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New MRI technique a ‘virtual biopsy’ for surveilling transplanted hearts

Researchers have developed a novel cardiovascular MRI protocol as an option to the invasive gold standard, endomyocardial biopsy, for monitoring heart-transplant patients at risk of suffering organ rejection.

MRI contact-sport study shows ‘no concussion’ doesn’t mean ‘no brain changes’

Football players whose heads are repeatedly struck but suffer no concussions have white-matter abnormalities similar to those sustained by their concussed peers. 

New imaging biomarkers emerge for Alzheimer’s and its impairments

Brain MRI of the choroid plexus, the main supplier of cerebrospinal fluid, can deliver independent biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease without an assist from clinical tests for amyloid abnormality or neurodegeneration. 

Around the web

The nuclear imaging isotope shortage of molybdenum-99 may be over now that the sidelined reactor is restarting. ASNC's president says PET and new SPECT technologies helped cardiac imaging labs better weather the storm.

CMS has more than doubled the CCTA payment rate from $175 to $357.13. The move, expected to have a significant impact on the utilization of cardiac CT, received immediate praise from imaging specialists.

The all-in-one Omni Legend PET/CT scanner is now being manufactured in a new production facility in Waukesha, Wisconsin.

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